Types of microphones

Today, the market has a huge selection of microphones for a wide variety of needs. They have different sizes and designs. Since many Asian companies have entered the market in recent years, it is very easy for the average consumer to get confused. What characteristics should you pay close attention to? What are they? Answers to these and other questions can be found below.

Microphone Types

They are divided into different types depending on their technical characteristics. They are:

• Variety.
• Reporting.
• Studio.
• Studio broadcasts.
• Instrumental.
• For sound recording.

And also found for some highly specialized tasks, so the division of microphones into different types can be called very conditional.

By appointment

They are used both in phones and in players, voice recorders and tablets. They can even be found in the camera and camcorder. All these devices are equipped with microphones, however, in the framework of the article we will talk about other types of these devices that are used for other purposes.

Variety. These devices are needed for artists and presenters who want to be heard by a large mass of people in the hall. Such a microphone boasts excellent fixation in special rack holders.

Reporting. designed for journalists. They are equipped with a system for hidden wear and are designed even for windy weather.

Studio, use on TV. They can be flat as well as almost imperceptible. Their task is to fix all the words of the leader.

Studio Broadcast Microphones. They are used on both TV and radio. With their help, you can easily record the program guide. They are also equipped with special switches to change directional characteristics.

Microphones for recording studios. Such devices can be installed on special racks and used for a music studio.

Instrument microphones perceive all the nuances of sound even in the case of strong resistance to powerful pressure.

According to the principle of action

Today, several varieties of microphones are used. They can be like capacitor as well as dynamic. These devices have many advantages, so they are most widely used in all areas of modern society.

Dynamicare equipped with a special element that is responsible for the conversion of waves into electro-oscillations. This special item is the speaker. Another important element of a dynamic microphone is the coil. It plays an important role in creating the induction current. The complex mechanism of the dynamic microphone allows you to achieve the perfect sound quality. Such a microphone does not need any additional power supply, which is why it is used by pop artists as well as reporters during their work. These devices are not very sensitive to temperature extremes and are highly reliable.

Capacitor, cannot boast the same resistance to negative natural phenomena, however, the sound quality of this technique is much higher than in the case of dynamic microphones.

Another feature of these devices is that they require additional power. This fact may upset those who advocate increasing the mobility of microphones, but modern scientific advances have made it possible to solve this problem in the most elegant way. In particular, either batteries or an amplifier and mixer are used for power. It is very easy and simple, so today there are no problems with the power supply for these devices.

We can say that condenser microphones are popular, but they will not be the choice of journalists and reporters working in "hot spots". Just a couple of raindrops can cause this technique to malfunction. In addition, such microphones are used much less often than dynamic ones due to their complex design.

By spatial directional characteristics

Modern microphones are also subdivided depending on the characteristics of the spatial orientation. Among the most popular types of such microphones, devices with the following types of directivity can be noted: cardioid, circular orientation and hyperkaryoid. There are other types of orientation, however, they are used much less often, so there is no particular reason to dwell on them and disassemble their features.

Circular microphones are considered the most popular.. The reason for this is the fact that for them it does not matter how the sound source is located in relation to the diaphragm of the microphone. This is very important, because otherwise it would be inconvenient to use a microphone. Such a device can pick up sounds no matter what the position of the sound sources.

Cardioidalso differs by the presence of certain directivity characteristics. If in one of the hemispheres it is very sensitive, then about the other hemisphere it is impossible to say so. Such microphones can serve several sound sources at once. Most often, these are used on stage during musical concerts or performances by artists. The technical data of such microphones are great for vocals and choral singing.

Hypercardioid, can receive sound in the case of very distant sound sources. Its diaphragm should be located in a perpendicular position with respect to the axis, which can be drawn between the sources of any sounds, as well as the device itself. Even a very small deviation can cause a significant drop in sound quality. These microphones are also called guns. They are used by both reporters and representatives of other professions. The thing is that this device perfectly picks up sound even if the sound source is very far away.